When Vesuvius erupted on 24 August AD 79, it engulfed the two flourishing Roman towns of Pompei and Herculaneum, as well as the many wealthy villas in the area. These have been progressively excavated and made accessible to the public since the mid-18th century. The vast expanse of the commercial town of Pompei contrasts with the smaller but better-preserved remains of the holiday resort of Herculaneum.

Pompeii, once a thriving Roman city located near modern-day Naples, Italy, was buried under volcanic ash and preserved for centuries. Its discovery in the 18th century has provided historians, archaeologists, and tourists alike with an unparalleled opportunity to uncover the secrets of the past. This subchapter will take you on a journey through time, exploring Pompeii’s social structure and daily life. You will learn about the different classes of society, from the wealthy elite to the working class, and gain insight into their daily routines, occupations, and leisure activities. Discover how Pompeiians lived, dined, and entertained themselves, painting a vivid picture of life in this ancient city. Furthermore, we will delve into Pompeii’s art and culture, unveiling hidden masterpieces that have been unearthed over the years. From stunning frescoes adorning the walls of luxurious villas to intricate mosaics found in public spaces, you will witness the artistic excellence and creativity of Pompeii’s inhabitants. Religion played a significant role in Pompeii’s society, and in this subchapter, we will expose the city’s religious beliefs and rituals. Explore the temples dedicated to various deities, discover the practices of worship and sacrifice, and gain a deeper understanding of the spiritual life of Pompeii’s residents. Of course, no discussion of Pompeii would be complete without unravelling the mysteries surrounding its catastrophic eruption. We will explore the events leading up to the eruption, the devastating impact it had on the city and its inhabitants, and the aftermath that followed. Gain insight into the lives lost, the preservation of the city under layers of ash, and the subsequent excavation efforts that have allowed us to uncover its secrets.